Evaluation of Emergence and Vigority of Some Genotypes of Tropical Minor Legume Landraces

Fery Ardyansyah, Amar Ma'ruf

Abstract


Various tropical pulses such as velvet bean, lima bean, and jack bean are leguminous plants that have legumes cultivated and are found in Indonesia. Legumes are a source of vegetable protein with a protein content ranging from 18% to 25%. The aim of study is to evaluate, assess, and identify genotypes of tropical minor legume landraces that show high emergence and vigor through this research, understanding genetic diversity in populations of tropical minor legume landraces can be obtained. This supports efforts to conserve plant genetic diversity, which is important for maintaining long-term food security and ensuring the survival of ecologically and culturally valuable plant species. The research was carried out at the Hydroponic Screen House, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Asahan, from December 2023 to February 2024. This research aims to evaluate the level of emergence or growth and identify genotypes of tropical minor legume landraces that show high emergence and vigor. The data design in this study used Complete Randomized Design (CRD) which was replicated in 3 replications and analyzed using Analysis of Variant (ANOVA) supported by the Tukey test at the 5% level, also to assist in the process of creating diagrams using the Microsoft Excel application in the insert menu, namely pivotTable, and all data analysis used SPSS application, the observed variables include: emergence, germination rate, vigor index, simultancity growth. Based on the Tukey analysis, the highest emergence is K5, P3, K4, B2, K3, B1, B4, P5, and the lowest is B3. The genotypes with the highest germination capacity were P1, P2, K1, K2, P3, P5, B1, B2, while P4, B4, K3, K4, K5, B3, B5 is the genotypes with the lowest values. The genotype with the highest vigor index is B3, P4, while the lowest is B1, P3. The genotypes with the highest growth uniformity were the P1, P2, P5, P3, B1 genotypes, and the lowest were the genotypes P4, B3, B5, K1.


Keywords


emergence, tropical legumes, velvet bean, jack bean, lima bean

Full Text:

PDF

References


Aisyah, D. N., N. Kendarini, dan S. Ashari. (2019). Efektivitas PEG-6000 sebagai media osmoconditioning dalam peningkatan mutu benih dan produksi kedelai (Glycine max L. Merr.). J. Produksi Tanaman. 6(7): 1344–353.

Arthawijaya, R. A. P., H. E. Sulistyo., S. N. Kamaliyah., dan H. Sudarwati. (2022). Pematahan proses dormansi benih tanaman centro (Centrosema Pubescens) dengan penggunaan PEG (Polyethlene glycol) 6000. J. Nutrisi Ternak Tropis. 5(1): 7–22.

Astuti, F., Budiman, C., dan Ilyas, S. (2020). Pengembangan metode uji cepat vigor benih kedelai dengan pemunculan radikula J. Agron. Indonesia. 48.(2) 135-141.

Baudoin, J.P. (1989). Phaseolus lunatus L. Plant Resources of South-East Asia No. 1: Pulses. PROSEA (Plant Resources of South-East Asia) Foundation, Bogor, Indonesia.

Birla Institute of Scientific Research. (2010). Database of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants in Rajasthan: Mucuna pruriens. Diakses dari (http://bioinfo.bisr.res.in)

Bouzo, C. (2012). Effect of temperature on melon development rate. Agronomy research. 10(1?2): 283. https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/287608

Direktorat Jendral Pengolahan dan Pemasaran Hasil Pertanian. (2014). Statistik Ekspor Impor Komoditas Pertanian 2001-2013. Jurnal Statistik Ekspor Impor Komoditas Pertanian. Kementrian Pertanian Republik Indonesia.

Elfiani dan Jakoni. (2015). Pengujian Daya Berkecambah Benih Dan Evaluasi Struktur Kecambah Benih. Jurnal Dinamika Pertanian. 30,(1). 45-52.

Fatmawati, L. I., Suharsi, T. K., dan Qadir. (2018). Uji tetrazolium pada benih kecipir (Psopocarpus tetragonolobus L. DC) sebagai tolak ukur viabilitas. Buletin Agrohoti. 6. (2). 231?240.

Gaspersz, V. (1995). Teknik Analisis Dalam Penelitian Percobaan. Bandung: Penerbit Tarsito.

Heyne, K. (1987). Tumbuhan Berguna Indonesia. Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kehutanan, Bogor. 2: 1047-50.

Ilyas, S. (2012). Ilmu dan Teknologi Benih, Teori dan Hasil-hasil Penelitian. Bogor . IPB press, ID.

Ilyas. (2015). Parameter Pengujian Vigor Benih dari Komparatif ke Simulatif. Grasindo dan PT Sang Hyang Seri. Jakarta.

International Seed Testing Association. (2014). International Rules for Seed Testing. Switzerland, ISTA.

International Seed Testing Association (ISTA). (2010). Seed Science and Technology. International rules for seed testing. Zurich: International Seed Testing Association

Kasno, A. (2016). Prospek Aneka Kacang Potensial: Koro Pedang Sebagai Pengganti Kedelai. Balitkabi Litbang Pertanian.

Lampariello, L. R., Cortellazo, A., Guerranti, R., Sticozzi, C., Valacchi, G. (2011). The Magic Velvet Bean of Mucuna Pruriens. Journal of Traditional and Complementary Medicine. 2,(4), 331 – 339

Lesilolo, M, K., Riry, J., Matatula, E, A. (2013). Pengujian viabilitas dan vigor benih beberapa jenis tanaman yang beredar di pasaran kota ambon. Agrologia. 2(1): 1?9. https://doi.org/10.30598/a.v2i1.272.

Malviya, N., Kumar, K., dan Upadhyay, D. (2021). Genetic divergence in Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L. Czern. & Coss Bangladesh Journal of Botany. 50, 37-44. https://doi.org/10.3329/bjb.v50i1.52669.

Matthews, S., Beltrami, R. El-Khadem, M.K. Hosseini, M. Nasehzadeh, G. Urso. (2011). Evidence that time for repair during early germination leads to vigour differences in maize. Seed Sci. Technol. 39:501-509.

Moriya, L. M., Neto, N. B. M., Marks, T. M., Castilho, C., dan Custodio. (2015). Seed vigour better to be asessed by physiological markers rather than expression of antioxidant enzymes in the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Australian Journal of Crop Science. 9. (1). 30?40

Mulyani, L., Kartadarma, E., dan Fitrianingsih, S. P. (2016). Manfaat dan kandungan kacang kara benguk (Mucuna pruriens L.) sebagai obat herbal. Prosiding Farmasi Gelombang 2 Tahun Akademik 2015-2016, 351-357

Munip. (2005). Tanaman kara pedang (Cannavalia SP) prospektif di masa depan sebagai tanaman penutup tanah, pupuk hijau dan komoditas industri. Prosiding Seminar Nasional. Memacu Pembangunan Pertanian di Era Pasar Global. Magelang. 67-84.

Nisa, M., Khan, M., dan Weber, D, J. (2007). Dormancy, germination and viability of Salsola imbricataseeds in relation to light, temperature and salinity. Seed Science and Technology. 35:595?606. doi.org/10.15258/sst.2007.35.3.07.

Onwimol, D., S. Chanprame, T. dan Thongket. (2012). Arrest of cell cycle associated with delayed radicle emergence in deteriorated cucumber seed. Seed Sci. Technol. 40:238-247.

Pathania, R., Chawla, P., Khan, H., Kaushik, R., dan Khan, M. A. (2020). An assessment of potential nutritive and medicinal properties of Mucuna pruriens: a natural food legume. 3 Biotech. 10,261. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13205-020-02253-x

Prabbu, K. S. (1984). Natural plant enzyme inhibitors: Comparative study of the action of legume inhibitors on human and bivine pancreatic proteinase/K. of Science of Food and Agriculture 35, (3), 314-321.

Pratama, H. W., Baskara, M., dan Guritno, B. (2014). Pengaruh ukuran biji dan kedalaman tanam terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman jagung manis (Zea mays saccharata Sturt). Jurnal Produksi Tanaman, 2(7), 576-582.

Pugalenthi, M., Vadivel, V., dan Siddhuraju, P., (2005). Alternative food/feed perspectives of an under-utilized legume Mucuna pruriens. Utilis-A Review/ Linn. J. Plant Foods Human Nutr., 60, 201-218.

Puri, R. K. Ph. D. dan Raman P. (2010). Afrodisiak Alami: Mitos atau Realitas, Edisi Pertama.

Purwanto, I. (2007). Mengenal Lebih Dekat Leguminoseae: Nama Daerah, Morfologi, Kegunaan, Penyebaran, Kaniskus, Yogyakarta.

Raganatha, I. N., Raka, I. G. N., dan Siadi, I. K. (2004). Daya simpan benih tomat (Lycopersium esculentummill.) hasil beberapa teknik ekstrasi. E-jurnal Agroteknologi Tropika. 3(3):183?190.

Rajeshwar, Y., Gupta, M., dan Mazumder, U. K. (2005). Antitumor Activity and in vivo Antioxidant Status of Mucuna pruriens (Fabaceae) Seeds against Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma in Swiss Albino Mice. Iranian Journal of Pharmacology & Therapeutics.; 4, (1), 46-53

Ramadhani, F. (2016). Pengaruh jenis kemasan terhadap daya simpan benih kedelai (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) varietas Anjasmoro. Institut Pertanian Bogor.

Retnaningsih, C. h., Setiawan, A., dan Sumardi. (2011). Potensi Antiplatelet Kacang Koro (Mucuna pruriens L.) Dari Fraksi Heksan dibandingkan dengan Aspirin pada Tikus Hiperkolesterolemia. Seri Kandungan Ilmiah, 14, (1), 80.

Rini, D. S., Mustikowe., dan Surtiningsih. (2005). Respon perkecambahan benih sorgum (Sorgum bicolor L. Moerch) terhadap perlakuan osmoconditioning dalam mengatasi cekaman salinitas. Jurnal Biologi. 7(6): 307?313.

Sadjad, S. (1993). Dari Benih Kepada Benih. Jakarta (ID): PT Grasindo

Sadjad, S. (1994). Kuantifikasi Metabolisme Benih. Gramedia. Jakarta

Sastrapradja., Setijati, L., Aminah, S.H., Djajasukma, Eddy,S., dan Hadi (1981). Proyek Penelitian Potensi Sumber Daya Ekonomi:Sayur-Sayuran 6, (46 – 47). Jakarta.

Serhat, M. (2007). Modeling the effect of temperature and duration of seed germination in grain legumes and cerreals. American Journal of Plant Physiology 2. (5). 303-310.

Soverda, N, Evita dan Gusniwati, (2009). Evaluasi dan Seleksi Varietas Tanaman Kedelai Terhadap Naungan dan Intensitas Cahaya Rendah (Selection and Evaluation of Soybean to Shade and Low Intensity of Light.

Subantoro, R dan Prabowo, R. (2013). Pengaruh Berbagai Metode Pengujian Vifgor Terhadap Pertumbuhan Benih Kedelai. Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Wahid Hasyim Semarang. 9, (1), 48 – 60

Sudjadi, B. (2006). Biologi Sains dalam Kehidupan. Yudhistira, Surabaya.

Susanti, F., Hasanah, N., C.Siregar dan D. Supriatna, D. (2013 ). Potensi kacang koro pedang (Canavalia ensiformis DC.) sebagai sumber protein produk pangan. Jurnal Riset Industri, 7. 1-13

Tatipata, A., Yudono, P., Purwantoro, A., dan Mangoendidjojo, W. (2004). Kajian aspek fisiologi dan biokimia deteriorasi benih kedelai dalam penyimpanan. Ilmu Pertanian. 11. (2). 76?87.

Tefa, A. (2017). Uji viabilitas dan vigor benih padi (Oryza sativa L.) selama penyimpanan pada tingkat kadar air yang berbeda. Savana Cendana. 2(3): 48?50. https://doi.org/10.32938/sc.v2i03.210.

The International Seed Testing Association. (2021). International Rules for Seed Testing. Bassersdorf, Switzerland.

Tsegay, B. A., dan Gebreslassie, B. G,. (2014). The effect of salinity (NaCl) on germination and early seedling growth of Lathyrus sativus and Pisum sativum var. abyssinicum. African Journal of Plant Science. 8(5): 225?231. https://doi.org/10.5897/AJPS2014. 1176

United States Department of Agriculture. (2005). Canavalia ensiformis (L.) DC. Germplasm Resources Information Network.

Widiantara, T. (2014). Optimalisasi Metode Sirkulasi Mixing Sistem (SMS) Dalam Menurunkan Kandungan Sianida Pada Kacang Koro Pedang (Canavalia ensiformis). Universitas pasundan.

Zanzibar, M. dan Pramono, A. A. (2009). Penentuan vigor kekuatan tumbuh dan vigor daya simpan relatif benih merbau, akor dan mindi. Jurnal Penelitian Hutan Tanaman. 6(3): 145?155.




DOI: https://doi.org/10.56125/tpj.v4i1.53

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2025 Tropical Plantation Journal

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

 

Tropical Plantation Journal are indexed by:

    

 

Published: Tropical Plantation Journal

Address: Jl. Petung No.2, Papringan, Caturtunggal, Kec. Depok, Kabupaten Sleman, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta 55281
Website E-Jurnal: https://jurnal.akpy-stiper.id/index.php/tpj
e-ISSN: 2828-1543   p-ISSN: 2828-1551

 

Lisensi Creative Commons

Ciptaan disebarluaskan di bawah Lisensi Creative Commons Atribusi-BerbagiSerupa 4.0 Internasional.

Copyright © Tropical Plantation Journal