Effect of Biochar on Growth of Main Nursery Palm Oil Seedlings (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) on Soil Chemical Properties in Vertisol Soil Planting Media

Erwin Junaidi Lubis

doi:10.56125/tpj.v4i1.49

Effect of Biochar on Growth of Main Nursery Palm Oil Seedlings (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) on Soil Chemical Properties in Vertisol Soil Planting Media

Erwin Junaidi Lubis

Abstract

Plant growth response of palm oil seedlings (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) on D x P Yangambi varieties using biochar applications made from palm oil shells, rice husks, and corn cobs in the Main Nursery. This study aims to determine the effect of the application of several types of biochar on the growth of palm oil seedlings (main nursery) on soil chemical properties namely C-Organic, N-Total, Phosphorus Nutrients, Potassium Nutrients and Soil pH in Vertisol Soil Planting Media. This research was conducted at the Soil Laboratory Practice Farm of the Indonesian Institute of Palm Technology, Medan, North Sumatera. The research used Factorial Randomised Group Design (RGD) with 3 replications. The research was conducted for 4 months. The results showed a significant effect on the application of rice husk biochar, palm oil shells and palm oil cobs and the application of N.P.K.Mg 15.15.6.4 fertilizer at a fertilizer dose of 7.5 g.polybag^-1 on the parameters of plant height, stem circumference, number of leaf midribs, and biochar treatment can increase soil pH, Phosphorus nutrients, and Potassium nutrients.

Keywords

biochar, vertisol, rice husk, palm kernel shell, corn cob

Full Text:

PDF

References

A. Niswati, “Peningkatan Kesuburan dan Aktivitas Mikroba Tanah dengan Aplikasi Biochar pada Ultisols Taman Bogo,” Laporan Penelitian Dipa Senior, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Lampung, pp. 39, 2013.

A. U. Lubis, “Kelapa Sawit,” Teknik Budidaya Tanaman Perkebunan, Sinar Medan, 2000.

A. Gani, “Ilmu Pengetahuan dan Teknologi Tanaman Pangan,” ISSN 1907 – 4263, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 33 – 48, 2009.

A. Glaser, J. Lehmann, and W. Zech,”Ameliorating physical of highly weathered soils in the tropics with charcoal –A review,” Biol & Fertility of Soil, vol. 35, pp. 219 – 230, 2002.

C. H. Cheng, J. Lehman, J. E. Thies, S. D. Burton, and M. H. Engelhard, “Oxidation of black carbon through biotic and abiotic processes,”Organic Geochemistry, vol. 37, pp. 1477 – 1488, 2006.

D. Singh and M. H. Fulekar, “Benzene Bioremediation Using Cow Dung Microflora in Two Phase Partitioning Bioreaktor,” Journal of Hazardous Materials, vol. 17, no.2, pp. 336 – 343, 2010.

E. A. L. Siahaan, “Pengaruh Pemberian Beberapa Jenis Biochar terhadap C-Organik dan N-Total pada Tanah Ultisol terhadap Pertumbuhan Bibit Tanaman Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.),” Laporan Penelitian Tugas Akhir, STIPA-AP Medan, 2019.

E. J. Lubis, “Uji Aplikasi Kompos Organik Sampah Pasar dan Pupuk Majemuk di Media Tanam Ultisol pada Pertumbuhan Vegetatif Bibit Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq) Main Nursery,” Laporan Penelitian Tugas Akhir, STIP-AP Medan, 2020.

J. L. Havlin, J. D. Beaton, and S. L. Nelson, “Soil Fertility and Fertilizer an Introduction to Butrient Management,” New jersey : Pearson Prentice Hall, 2005.

J. M. Novak, W. J. Busscher, D. L. Laird, M. Ahmedna, D. W. Watss, and M. A. S. Niandou, “Impact of biochar amendment on fertility of a southeastern coastal plain,” Soil Science, vol. 17, no. 4, pp. 105 – 111, 2009.

M. Yamato, Y. Okimori, Wibowo, I. F. Anshori, and M. Ogawa, “Effects of the application of charred bark of Acacia manginum on the yield of maize, cowpea and peanut, and soil chemical properties in South Sumatra, Indonesia,” Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, vol. 52, pp. 489 – 495, 2006.

N. L. Nurida, “Efisikasi formula pembenah tanah biochar dalam berbagai bentuk (serbuk, granular dan pelet) dalam meningkatkan kualitas lahan kering masam terdegradasi,” Balai Penelitian Tanah, Bogor, 2009.

P. G. Oguntunde, M. Fosu, A. E. Ajayi, and van de Giesen, “Effect of charcoal production on maize yield, chemical properties and texture of soil,” Biol. Fertilizer Soils, vol. 39, pp. 295 – 299, 2004.

P. Lingga and Marsono, “Petunjuk Penggunaan Pupuk dan Cara Pemupukan,” Penebar Swadaya, Jakarta, 2001.

R. Kurniawan, “Penggunaan Beberapa Jenis Biochar terhadap Sifat Kimia Tanah P dan K terhadap Pertumbuhan Vegetatif Bibit Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq) pada Tanah Ultisol,” Laporan Penelitian Tugas Akhir, STIPA-AP Medan, 2019.

S. E. Hale, V. Alling, V. Martinsen, J. Mulder, G. D. Breedveld, and G. Cornelissen, “The sorption and desorption of phosphate-P, ammonium-N and nitrate-N in cacao shell and corn cob biochars,” Chemosphere, vol. 91, pp. 1621 – 1619, 2013.

S. Mangoensoekarjo, “Manajemen Tanah dan Pemupukan Budidaya Perkebunan,” Gadjah Mada University Press, Yogyakarta, 2007.

Tobing, F. Setyawati and B. A. Chandra, “Pembuatan Briket Arang Dari Enceng Gondok (Eichornia Crasipess Solm.) Dengan Sagu Sebagai Pengikat,” Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Indralaya, Universitas Sriwijaya, 2007.

Warta Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian, “Biochar Penyelamat Lingkungan,” Balai Penelitian Tanaman Padi, Sukamadi, Subang, 2009.

Widiowati, Asnah, and Sutoyo, “Pengaruh Penggunaan Biochar dan Pupuk Kalium terhadap Pencucian dan Serapan Kalium pada Tanaman Jagung,”

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56125/tpj.v4i1.49